课程代码：00196

　　一、Choose the best answer for each question （15 points， 1 point for each item）

　　从下列各答题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并填入题后括号内。（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）

　　1. Which of the following is NOT one of the classical approaches in management？ （　　　）

　　A. Scientific management. B. Administrative management.

　　C. Public relation.  D. Bureaucracy.

　　2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the key characteristics of the executive recruit？ （　　　）

　　A. Self-confidence. B. Loyalty.

　　C. Integrity.  D. Leadership.

　　3. Problem can be identified in organizational performance by comparing current performance against （　　　）

　　A. desired state.  B. past performance.

　　C. others' performance.  D. expected performance.

　　4. Internal assessment usually covers the following areas except （　　　）

　　A. mission.  B. strategic objectives.

　　C. business approach.  D. corporate strategy.

　　5. The word charisma is closest in meaning to （　　　）

　　A. character.  B. trait.

　　C. charm.  D. personality.

　　6. A well-designed job according to Hackman and Oldham in Lesson Six should have the following dimension except （　　　）

　　A. skills.  B. identity.

　　C. significance. D. automation.

　　7. Information flow generally occurs in three directions， which are the following except（　　　）

　　A. from superiors to inferiors.  B. from lower ranks to higher ranks.

　　C. among peers.  D. between management and labor.

　　8. The major difference between restaurants and catering business in their ways of operation is

　　（　　　）

　　A. the kind of food.  B. the premise of business.

　　C. the type of service.  D. the location of service.

　　9. Large hotels and small hotels may differ in the following areas except （　　　）

　　A. the number of units offered.  B. the basic functions served.

　　C. the size of executive staff.  D. the number of department heads.

　　10. Travel agents are responsible for the following except （　　　）

　　A. what they have promised the tourists.

　　B. the professional level of their performance.

　　C. taking care of tourists' interests.

　　D. looking for tourists' interests.

　　11. The following have been highly globalized except （　　　）

　　A. consumption.  B. production.

　　C. investment.  D. finance.

　　12. Managers must deal with the following except （　　　）

　　A. the company's culture.  B. the company's policies.

　　C. the company's politics.  D. bureaucracy.

　　13. The factors of production include the following except （　　　）

　　A. labor.  B. capital.

　　C. natural resources.  D. financial resources.

　　14. Product strategy has the following components except （　　　）

　　A. successful products.  B. new products.

　　C. problem products.  D. failed products.

　　15. Business organization have to adapt to the changes in the business environment， which are brought about by the following except （　　　）

　　A. national policies.  B. rapid technology growth.

　　C. savings-investment issues.  D. advances in global communications.

　　二、Cloze Test （20 points， 2 points for each item）

　　下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。选出最佳答案，并填入题前括号内。（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

　　Although there has been a 　16　 rise in chain and franchise restaurant operations in recent years （some of them international in scope） the restaurant industry is still one of the 　17　 of small business. In every price range and every cuisine countless restaurants around the world are independently-owned and often owner-operated； The restaurant business 　18　 those who want the risks and satisfactions of self-employment.

　　Unfortunately， a large percentage of restaurants fail. Some of the reasons are the same as those that 　19　 all businesses： lack of experience， poor location， too much competition， poor merchandising. 　20　， restaurants have a special problem： with the exception of fast food， chain， and franchise operations， a restaurant must make a special statement to the customer if he or she is to 　21　。 Eating is a deeply engrained 　22　 of satisfaction and the restaurant customer wants an eating 　23　 which combines food， service， décor， and an 　24　 extra. This is often difficult or impossible to anticipate but can 　25　 the life or death of a restaurant.

　　（　　　）16. A. obvious  B. interesting  C. lucky  D. meteoric

　　（　　　）17. A. areas  B. strongholds  C. realms  D. fields

　　（　　　）18. A. deals with  B. appeals to  C. takes on  D. stands off

　　（　　　）19. A. beset  B. set  C. take  D. make

　　（　　　）20. A. However  B. In addition  C. Therefore  D. Somehow

　　（　　　）21. A. accept  B. move  C. return  D. maintain

　　（　　　）22. A. source  B. activity  C. touch  D. impression

　　（　　　）23. A. experience  B. feeling  C. attainment  D. availability

　　（　　　）24. A. unbelievable  B. incredible  C. unthinkable  D. indefinable

　　（　　　）25. A. signify  B. indicate  C. structure  D. mean

　　三、Reading Comprehension （15 points， 3 points for each item）

　　阅读下列短文，根据短文，在每个答题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并填入题后括号内。（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）

　　Passage One

　　Managers face problems constantly. Some problems that require a decision are relatively simple； others seem overwhelming. Some demand immediate action， while others take months or even years to unfold.

　　Actually， managers often ignore problems. For several reasons， they avoid taking action. First， managers can't be sure how much time， energy， or trouble lies ahead once they start working on a problem. Second， getting involved is risky； tackling a problem but failing to solve it successfully can hurt the manager's track record. Third， because problems can be so perplexing， it is easier to procrastinate or to get busy with less demanding activities.

　　There are several characteristics of managerial decisions that contribute to their difficulty and pressure， such as lack of structure， involvement of risk， uncertainty， and conflict.

　　Well-structured problems have objectively correct answers； they can be solved by using simple rules or numerical computations. But managers typically face ill-structured problems——problems with no proven answers， at least not until some time in the future. Such problems may have a number of possible solutions， all of which have merits and drawbacks.

　　26. Managers often ignore problems because of the following except that （　　　）

　　A. failure in solving problems can hurt their track record.

　　B. they are afraid of losing control.

　　C. it is easier to put off the problem than to solve it.

　　D. It is easier to engage in less demanding activities than to solve problems.

　　27. What does the word procrastinate in the 2nd paragraph mean ？ （　　　）

　　A. Delay. B. Determine.

　　C. Research. D. Tackle.

　　28. The following add to managers' decision making difficulty except （　　　）

　　A. risk involved.

　　B. well-structured problems.

　　C. uncertainty due to lack of relevant information.

　　D. confrontation between management and labor.

　　29. Which of the following is NOT true of the well-structured problems？（　　　）

　　A. They have the answers proven correct objectively.

　　B. They can be easily dealt with by managers using relevant rules.

　　C. They may have a number of possible solution with merits and demerits.

　　D. They can be solved by using numerical computation.

　　30. The word typically in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to（　　　）

　　A. as often as not.  B. symbolically.

　　C. cheerfully.  D. excitedly.

　　四、Word Spelling （20 points， 1 point for each item）

　　请将完整的单词写出。作为提示，每个单词的意义，词类及首字母均已给出。（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）

　　31. A close， careful examination or study （n.） s____________

　　32. Marked by an orderly， logical relation of parts （adj.） c____________

　　33. To open and spread out； extend （v.） u____________

　　34. Requiring much effort or attention （adj.） d____________

　　35. Easily influenced or affected （adj.） s____________

　　36. To arrange or control the elements of， as to achieve a desired overall effect

　　（v.） o____________

　　37. To arrange， place， or set in methodical order （v.） m____________

　　38. To give energy to； activate or invigorate （v.） e____________

　　39. To put （a message， for example） into code （v.） e____________

　　40. The quality， capability， or power to elicit belief （n.） c____________

　　41. Remaining in a place only a brief time （adj.） t____________

　　42. Alert watchfulness （n.） v____________

　　43. To bind or obligate， as by a pledge （v.） c____________

　　44. To attract by arousing hope or desire； lure （v.） e____________

　　45. A store that sells the goods of a particular manufacturer or wholesaler

　　（n.） o____________

　　46. To deprive， as of rights or property； dispossess （v.） d____________

　　47. To strive for victory or superiority； contend （v.） v____________

　　48. A field， sphere， or province （n.） r____________

　　49. To determine the value， significance or extent of； appraise （v.） a____________

　　50. An authoritative command or instruction （n.） m____________

　　五、Transla

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