全国2010年1月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题
课程代码:00830

I . Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets. ( 2% × 10=20% )
1. The language behavior of particular persons on particular occasions is determined by many
other factors over and above their linguistic ______. ( )
A. system
B. structure
C. competence
D. performance

2. When we pronounce the long vowels [i:] or [u:], our ______, which is a bony structure at the end of the windpipe, is in a state of tension. ( )
A. larynx
B. hard palate
C. glottis
D. vocal cords

3. The word "manuscript" is a two-morpheme cluster which contains ______. ( )
A. two roots
B. a root and a prefix
C. a root and a suffix
D. a root and a free morpheme

4. The grammatical knowledge is represented through Phrase Structure Rules, which state explicitly all and only the possible combinations of the ______ of a language, for example, in English, NP → ( Det ) (Adj) N (PP) (S). ( )
A. phrases
B. clauses
C. sentences
D. constituents

5. The view that the meaning of a linguistic form is defined as the "situation in which the speaker utters it and the response it calls forth in the hearer" was proposed by ______. ( )
A. Plato
B. Ogden and Richards
C. John Firth
D. Bloomfield

6. According to John Austin's theory of speech act, a(n) ______ act is the change brought about by the utterance. ( )
A. prelocutionary
B. locutionary
C. illocutionary
D. perlocutionary

7. In 1786, Sir William Jones suggested that ______ bore to Greek and Latin a stronger affinity than could possibly have been produced by accident.（ ）
A. Germanic
B. Persian
C. Sanskrit
D. Lithuanian

8. The existence of taboo words and taboo ideas stimulates the creation of euphemism, which shows that a word or phrase not only has a linguistic denotative meaning but also has a ______.( )
A. conceptual meaning
B. connotative meaning
C. cultural meaning
D. social meaning

9. Dichotic listening research tells us a signal coming in the left ear will first go to the ______ hemisphere, from where it is transferred to the left side of the brain for processing. （ ）
A. right
B. left
C. front
D. back

10. Studies of the effects of formal instruction on second language acquisition suggest that formal instruction may help learners perform some of the following types of tasks except ______.
( )
A. planned speech
B. writing
C. casual and spontaneous conversation
D. career-oriented examination

 

II. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1% ×10=10%)
11. Double a refers to the property of language which means language is composed of discrete units at two levels. At the lower level there is a structure of sounds, which are meaningless. At the higher level there are morphemes and words, which are meaningful.
12. In the production of v , the back of the tongue is brought into contact with the soft palate, or velum, e.g., [k] in cat, [g] in get and [η] in sting.
13. Morphological rules are the rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of
s to form a new word.
14. A sentence is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words. A
phrase structure tree diagram assigns a h structure to sentences.
15. The words such as "pop" meaning a certain sound and "pop" meaning popular are in relationship of c homonyms.
16. The c view in the discussion of semantics is often considered as the initial effort to study meaning in a pragmatic sense.
17. Extensive changes in rules of morphology have occurred in the history of English. English has lost most of its i endings, by which it is no longer possible to identify the functional roles of nouns.
18. Diglossia describes any stable linguistic situation, in which there exists a strict f
differentiation between a low-variety or L-variety and a high variety or H-variety.
19. The localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain is called l .
20. I is the language that a learner constructs at a given stage of second language acquisition.

III. Directions: Judge whether each, of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and then give the correct version. （2

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